According to Cointelegraph, Glassnode released a report pointing out that approximately 10% of the total Bitcoin supply is structurally unstable due to the advancement of quantum computing technology. This is explained by the fact that these Bitcoins expose their public keys by design, regardless of the address management method. The report states, "Approximately 1.92 million BTC fall into this category," explaining that "methods such as P2PK (Pay-to-Public-Key) outputs from the Satoshi Nakamoto era, existing multisig structures like P2MS (Pay-to-Multisig), and P2TR (Pay-to-Taproot) outputs expose public keys or equivalent information by design." The study's findings demonstrate the necessity of implementing secure pathways to counter quantum computing attacks and cited the introduction of the Pay-to-Merkle-Root (P2MR) output type proposed in BIP-360 (which aims to introduce wallet formats that strongly counter quantum computing attacks and enable voluntary migration) as an example.
